In Russian history, its own special place is saturated with many, often tragic events in Jewish history, which is of interest is an integral part of the historical, socio-economic and cultural processes taking place in our state in the second half of the XVIII-XIX centuries. Jews - mostly as traders - have appeared in Russia in the XVII, XVIII and the beginning of the century., But their livelihoods are on Russian soil since the end of XVIII century, when, after three sections of the Polish-Lithuanian state and accession to Russia large parts of of the empire was largest Jewish population in the region. With the accession at the beginning of XIX century. Bessarabia, where Jews have lived since the XVI century. As a result of Russia's victory in the war with Turkey, the number of the Jewish population grew even more. But all this vast mass of people was artificially locked in a confined space below the permanent Jewish Settlement, established by the end of XVIII century. under the direct influence of government policy. Expansion of territory bounded by this line, in the XIX century. associated mainly with the settlement of state-owned desert land in the south of Russia - in the Northern Black Sea (Novorossiysk region) and creation of rural settlements of the Jews - agricultural colonies with a simultaneous transition of some of the urban estates of the Jews in farmers.
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