The Mishnah. Section Moed - Time

The most important rule of the Jewish tradition - "can not write to recite, and oral reading are not on write" - strictly adhered to for centuries: the Oral Torah passed from mouth to mouth, and Written Torah was read only. Virtually all the yeshivas were people called baal Mishnah, which is "holding the Mishnah": they had an exceptional memory and remember the great passages by heart, the Oral Torah. This situation persisted until the p. Yeƒudy ha-Nasi, who found that the time has come to the main provisions of the Oral Torah in the form of a code. He assembled the largest sages of his time and ordered to combine the available in various yeshivas records to form a single, common to the book. It happened 150 years after the destruction of the Temple, about 220 AD. Oe. This book is called the Mishna (Mishna word comes from the verb Hashanah, meaning "to learn, regularly repeating; hack"). The Mishnah is the first book of the Oral Torah, and p. Yeƒuda not only recorded the major provisions of the Oral Torah, but also shortly before his death, concluded, "sealed" the Mishnah.

The Mishnah is divided into six sections, or "orders" (sdarim) today placed one after the other as follows: Zraim ("crops"), Moed ("Time"), our ("Women"), Nezikin ("Damages"), Kodashim ("Relics"), Toƒorot ("Clean"). The "Cultures" is devoted to laws governing agriculture, to "Time" - laws relating to the Sabbath and holidays. In the section on "Women," placed the laws of family purity and family law, to "damage" - the laws of criminal law and finance. The "Shrine" is dedicated to the temple sacrifices, and to "Clean" - the laws of ritual purity and pollution. In turn, each section consists of several tracts.

The purpose of this publication, which opens the section Moed - allow the reader to learn Russian with the text of the Mishnah. The text is accompanied by brief commentary clarifies the meaning, and sometimes even the implied context. Where necessary, places are given detailed explanations that make it easy understanding. The basis of this edition is the most common of the printed versions of the text of the Mishnah. Notes based on classical commentaries of Maimonides, p. Ovadia Bertinoro and p. Yom Tov ellera.